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ECHO Asia Technical Resources

  1. Biochar: An Organic House for Soil Microbes

    Key Resource
    01.06.2013 Rick Burnette wrote an article for Issue 7(July 2010) of ECHO Asia Notes, titled “Charcoal Production in 200-Liter Horizontal Drum Kilns.” My article takes the charring process a step further by exploring the rapidly re-emerging world of biochar. Biochar is a form of charcoal, produced through...
    Soil Microorganisms Biochar

  2. Charcoal Production in 200-Liter Horizontal Drum Kilns

    Key Resource
    05.02.2016 Until recently, firewood was taken for granted in northern Thailand. With vast forests full of many types of trees, upland households could afford to be choosy concerning the wood they used for cooking. However, in recent years, more and more communities are facing restricted access to forest...
    Charcoal Appropriate Techno... Biochar

  3. An Introduction to Wood Vinegar

    01.08.2013 Prakrit Khamduangdao was looking for an alternative to agricultural chemicals to control pests in his vegetable farm. However, he was not completely satisfied with various botanical pest control measures being promoted in northern Thailand. He reports that even though certain natural insect...
    Biological Control Wood Vinegar Vinegar Pest Control Repellant Fungicide

  4. Seed Fairs: Fostering Local Seed Exchange to Support Regional Biodiversity

    Key Resource
    01.06.2014 When you come across an especially promising local variety of a crop grown in your area, how can you enable other farmers to try out this variety? If a farmer gives you 30 seeds of an exceptional variety, how might you go about distributing these? How does seed flow happen in and among...
    Biodiversity Seed Fair Seed Exchange Seed Systems Seed industry and ...

  5. Vacuum-Sealing Options for Storing Seeds

    Key Resource
    07.01.2019 Two broad categories of seeds exist, referred to as recalcitrant and orthodox. The former must be kept moist and planted soon after they are collected; large-seeded fruits such as mango and avocado are typical examples. The second type of seeds are discussed in this document. Orthodox seeds are...
    Seed Storage Vacuum Sealing Seed Saving Seed Bank Stored seed pests

  6. The World Food Situation

    01.04.2009 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #1 What is the outlook for world food prices? In the immediate future (the next few months), some moderation in global food prices seems likely in response to very recent (since mid-2008) declines in world grain and energy prices. In the short-term (next 2 to 3...
    Food Security Asia

  7. Lessons Learned from the Spread of SRI in Cambodia

    01.07.2009 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #2 In a 2001 ECHO Development Notes article, “SRI, the System of Rice Intensification: Less can be more,” ECHO first reported on SRI’s radical rice production steps including: Transplanting rice seedlings when the first two leaves have emerged, usually sometime...
    System of Rice Int... Rice Grain Crops Farming Systems Adoption of New Te... Asia

  8. Soil Quality Assessment: Why and How

    01.10.2012 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #15 Soil quality, also known as soil health, is the capacity of the soil to function – how well it fills the roles we need it to, whether in a natural or managed ecosystem. There are a variety of measures used to gauge soil health and although we can use these...
    Asia

  9. The Use of Green Manure/Cover Crops for Relay Cropping in Northern Thailand

    01.07.2011 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #10 Introduction During the late rainy season, the permanent hill fields that surround a cluster of hilltribe villages in the Chiang Dao district of northern Thailand radiate various hues of green. These verdant fields, belonging to ethnic Lisu, Lahu, Akha,...
    Asia

  10. Amaranth Potential for the Highlands of Southeast Asia in View of Lessons Learned in East Africa

    01.04.2009 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #1 Based on the experiences of CRWRC and its collaborating partnering organizations in East Africa, the introduction of grain and vegetable amaranths shows real potential for the highlands of Southeast Asia. Grain amaranth should be seen and managed as a high...
    Drought Tolerant P... Dark Green Leafy V... Amaranth Health and Nutrition Nutrition Grain Crops Agriculture Extension Asia

  11. Agriculture Components for Small Institutions: Realistic Expectations and Best Practices

    01.04.2010 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #5 Across Asia, small institutions such as children's homes play an essentialrole in caring for orphans and other young people at risk. Likewise, hostels (i.e., boarding facilities) provide disadvantaged students with safe places tostay in order to further...
    Institutional Agri... Institutional Agri... School gardens School Management ECHO Resources Asia

  12. Build Your Own Seed Germination Cabinet for Testing Seed Viability

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #8 Editor: Abram serves as a Post-Doctoral Research Fellow andInstructor with the International Sustainable DevelopmentStudies Institute in Chiang Mai. He also assists the ECHO AsiaRegional Office as a technical advisor. Introduction and Background Saving your...
    Asia

  13. Zanthoxylum: A Low-Profile Asian Crop with Great Potential

    01.01.2011 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #8 Introduction The genus Zanthoxylum (familyRutaceae) contains a fascinatinggroup of plants found around theworld from the tropics to temperatezones. With over 200 species,ranging from small shrubs to largetrees, Zanthoxylum spp. arecharacterized by sharp...
    Asia

  14. Coconut Farm Diversification

    20.05.2001 For a long time, coconut farmers were able to live with the fate of declining harvests and incomes. In view of the current prices, this is no longer possible. It needs changes. The best option coconut farmers have to improve their livelihood is to diversify their farms. Fortunately, common...
    Coconut Intercropping

  15. The Crop Genetic Pump: A Possible Task for NGOs

    01.07.2012 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #14 Editor: Dr. Dick Tinsley is an Emeritus Professor with Colorado State University. With decades of experience as an advisor to smallholder agriculture development projects, he was worked in numerous locations across Asia and Africa. In this article, Dr....
    Asia

  16. Vegetable Production Through the Rainy Season

    01.04.2012 This article is found in ECHO Asia Note #13 The cool, dry season offers the best window for vegetable production in the tropics, assuming an adequate water supply. Pest and disease pressures are relatively low and temperatures are moderate. By contrast, the rainy season brings a combination of...
    Asia

  17. Vacuum Sealing vs. Refrigeration: Which is the most effective way to store seeds?

    01.07.2012 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #14 Introduction Storing seeds in the tropics can often be difficult; with high temperatures and humid conditions, seeds lose their ability to germinate quickly. Many techniques for seed storage exist, from the high-tech standards of gene banks to simple...
    Asia

  18. Crotalaria juncea, a promising green manure crop for the tropics

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #3 Crotalaria juncea, or sunn hemp, is a member of the pea family (Fabaceae) grown in many countries as a green manure or forage crop. Originating in South Asia, but with a common cultivar developed in Hawaii, it is a fastgrowing, drought-tolerant and...
    Nitrogen Fixation Green Manures and ... Green Manure Cover... Green Manures Cover Crops Legume Asia

  19. Asian Plant Name Databases

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #5 Communicating technical information among different language groups is challenging. For example, despite being familiar with the scientific, English and Tagalog common names for eggplant, how might an Asian development worker know what the Indonesians call...
    Plant Taxonomy Taxonomy ECHO Resources Asia

  20. Micro-Hydro in Myanmar and Thailand

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #3 Rugged northeastern Myanmar is home to the Lahu, Shan, Akha, Palaung and various other ethnic groups. With few paved roads and only a small percentage of the Shan State's population connected to the electrical grid, infrastructure serving the locals is still...
    Renewable Energy Appropriate Techno... Hydropower Asia

  21. Gardening without Digging

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #6 One of the easiest and most effective ways to improve and build soilfertility in any gardening situation is to use a method known as sheetmulching. Thick layers of mulch are placed directly on the soil,simulating the thick leaf litter and humus found in...
    Asia

  22. Sustainable Decentralized Water Treatment for Rural Developing Communities Using Locally Generated Biochar Adsorbents

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #17 Contamination of drinking water sources by harmful synthetic organic compounds (SOCs), such as pesticides, is a major worldwide problem. Pesticide pollution appears twice in the top ten of The World’s Worst Toxic Pollution Problems Report 2011 by the...
    Asia

  23. Testing Seed Viability Using Simple Germination Tests

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #11 Editor: Abram serves as the Coordinator of SustainabilityResearch and as an Instructor with the InternationalSustainable Development Studies Institute in Chiang Mai. He also assists the ECHO Asia Impact Center as a technicaladvisor. Introduction and...
    Asia

  24. Three Cheers for Job's Tears: Asia's Other Indigenous Grain

    01.04.2012 This article is found in ECHO Asia Note #13 Introduction In many parts of tropical Asia, especially on rainfed farms, there has been an explosion of acreage planted in maize. The increase in commercial maize production is driven by growing livestock feed demand, and is displacing many traditional...
    Asia

  25. Preserving Bamboo with Borates

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #4 Working together with Thai Care, the children's ministry of the Rain Tree Foundation, Meribah Ram Pump is engaged in various community development projects in northern Thailand. A major focus is to make simple, sustainable technology, such as ram pumps and...
    Pest Control Biological Control Bamboo Bamboo preservation Borates Borax Boric acid Asia

  26. Demystifying Soybean Production and Marketing: Our Experience in Laos

    01.10.2012 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #15 Editor: Between 1997 and 2009, Kirby Rogers worked as part of a team to establish an agriculture-based business called Natural Products (NPI) in Bokeo, Laos. Much of this effort involved promoting soybean as a local cash crop as well as developing related...
    Asia

  27. The Recent Introduction of Niger Seed (Guizotia abyssinica) Production in Northern Thailand

    01.07.2010 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #6 The arrival of a new crop No one seems to know whymembers of the Lisuhilltribe in northernThailand refer to a certain field crop with brilliantyellow flowers as Japanesesesame. The seeds of thiscrop yield quality cooking oil, but the plant looksnothing like...
    allelopathic Japanese Sesame Sesamum indicum Hibiscus sabdariffa Papaver somniferum Seed Oil Oil Press Oilseed Cooking Oil Green Manure Cover... Niger Asia

  28. An Introduction to Asian Natural Farming

    20.01.2011
    Asia Natural Farming East Africa

  29. The Amazing Effects of Rice Straw

    01.01.2010 This article is from ECHO Asia Note #4 Does rice straw have any value? Looking at the practices of most farmers, it seems not! The burning of rice straw is a common sight during the harvest period in many parts of Asia. Yet a number of farmers think otherwise. One of them is Isidro Prado from...
    Organic Mulch Rice Soil Fertility Soil Remediation Asia

  30. Water Treatment System 300 Liters per Day

    23.05.2017 This instruction manual is for the "blue barrel" water filtration system producing up to 300 liters of water per day.
    Water Filters Biochar Water Treatment Asia

  31. Preparation of Modified Mat Nurseries (MMN) for Improved Rice Seedling Production

    Modified Mat Nursery Rice Asia

  32. WV Banana Slicer (Thai)

    Asia

  33. Biogas

    Asia

  34. Micro Enterprise Development Manual: Animal production in Cambodia

    Cambodian animal agriculture faces many significant challenges and problems, mostly these are disease related; with this being the single biggest constraint on animal production in Cambodia. The relatively high price of processed animal feeds and continuing drought are also significant production...
    Livestock Development Livestock Livestock Marketing Pigs Goats Cows Asia

  35. Dry Composting Toilets: Good News for God’s Green Earth III

    03.10.2017 There are many appropriate building technologies available. How environmentally friendly are they? Earthquake resistant? Typhoon resistant? How can we introduce new materials to a traditional construction culture? Why would we want to produce our own materials? How can we make production...
    Composting Toilets Asia

  36. Producing the Biocontrol Fungi Trichoderma and Beauveria

    This article is from ECHO Asia Note #20 In nature, dozens of species of harmful fungi can quickly kill a plant, including Fusarium spp., the causal agents of Fusarium wilt, and Phakospora pachyrhizi, the causal agent of soybean rust. Fungi are unable to produce nutrients on their own, so they...
    Biocontrol Fungi Asia

  37. Leaves, Shoots, and Hearts Part 1

    12.05.2015 An overview of perennial vegetables in Thailand, why they are important, and how they can be utilized and promoted in community development and agriculture projects.
    Asia

  38. Making Trichoderma & Beauveria

    22.05.2017 Hands-on demonstration- how to make Trichoderma and Beauveria
    Trichoderma Beauveria Asia

  39. Building a Homemade Biohood

    Biohood Asia

  40. Sustainable Upland Farming

    Productive small-scale upland agriculture in response to limited access to natural resources
    Asia

  41. Water Treatment System 2,000 liters per day

    23.05.2017 This instruction manual is for the concrete tank water filtration system producing up to 2,000liters of water per day.
    Water Filters Biochar Water Treatment Asia

  42. Leaves, Shoots, and Hearts 2

    12.05.2015 An overview of perennial vegetables in Thailand, why they are important, and how they can be utilized and promoted in community development and agriculture projects. Part 2 goes into the detail about some of these plant species.
    Perennial Vegetables Perennial Asia

  43. SALT: Agroforestry Options for Upland Farming in the Humid Tropics

    05.10.2017 The Sloping Agriculture Land Technologies (SALT) were developed in the Philippines more than 30 years ago. They were developed with local farmers incorporating some key principles for farming the uplands in the humid tropics such as soil erosion control, fertility management through use of plant...
    SALT Agroforestry Asia

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