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  1. 18/11/2015 Dr. Motis and Betsy Langford were introduced to the 2-4-2 system by Dr. B.B. Singh at the Ukulima Farm research station in South Africa in Feb. of 2015. They subsequently planned and conducted this experiment with other legumes at the main ECHO campus in North Fort Myers, Florida.
  2. 19/10/1994 ECHO was contacted with a vivid description of problems of leaf-cutter ants in Guyana. The farmers even tried building water filled moats around plants but the ants built leaf bridges and crossed right over. Jack bean and Sesame may help control leaf-cutter ants.
  3. 19/03/1999 This is a good example of how quickly seeds can multiply. “Of the 8 seeds that were sent 4 were planted in a placewhere sunlight was restricted to about 4 hours a day. These gave very few pods. The 4 others got more sunlight and we got a harvest of 185 seeds so far. We have planted 160 of these...
  4. 6/02/2018 East African farmers Kaneli and Happiness Mafieare combating this soil erosion and improving moisture retention by planting Canavalia Ensiformis, known as "Jack Bean." Canavalia, is a cover crop that is highly encouraged to farmers for increasing nitrogen levels in the soil and providing shade...
  5. Key Resource 1/01/1985 Green manure crops are crops that are [often times in North America] grown to be turned under to increase soil fertility. Leguminous green manure crops ( i.e., those which can make nitrogen fertilizers from atmospheric nitrogen) can offer small-scale Third World farmers a tremendous number of...
  6. Jack bean is an excellent plant for enriching soil, because it grows under very difficult conditions. However, the beans contain toxins that normally make them unsuitable for human consumption. This document describes how to germinate jack bean to remove the toxins and increase the beans’...
  7. The Mafie family, Kaneli and Happiness, visited ECHO East Africa for the first time in March of 2016 to inquire about the use of slurry from biogas as a fertilizer. When visiting ECHO they were shown around the compound and learned various techniques of conservation agriculture that could help...
  8. Most farmers know very well that in a forest many plants grow all the time, but the soil never wears out. The soil in a forest also never gets so hard that someone has to plow it. Even more amazing, the plants in a forest do not suffer from droughts. In other words, forest soils stay productive,...
  9. 26/04/2019 In EDN 142,we linked to several documents from Feed the Future, produced with support from USAID for the RAMA-BC (Resilient Agricultural Markets Activity — Beira Corridor) project. Another, slightly longer document by Zachary Hall describes how to germinate, soak and boil jack beans, to detoxify...
  10. Jack Bean is native to the West Indies and Central America. It closely resembles Sword Bean,Canavalia gladiata, and the predominantly African wild species,Canavalia virosa. Jack Bean now is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics although it is regarded as a minor vegetable rather than a...